الثلاثاء، 27 فبراير 2018

Pregnancy is a life experience I’d rather avoid. That doesn’t mean I’m selfish | Arwa Mahdawi

Society still frowns on women who don’t want to go through having children – despite the immense toll it can take on them. Why?

I recently conducted a very scientific study in the pub with some straight male friends. “Have you ever wanted to experience pregnancy?” I asked. The answer was an emphatic “absolutely not”. In the interests of methodological rigorousness, I rephrased my question. “Do you ever feel sad you aren’t able to experience what it’s like to grow a human inside you?” Again, 100% of respondents answered with some variation of, “Hell, no.”

My investigations were prompted by a scientific study published in the journal Human Reproduction. The official title of the study is Parity Associated With Telomere Length Among US Reproductive-Age Women, but a more accurate title would be Yet More Evidence That Pregnancy Is Torture. Not only does pregnancy mess with your hormones, it appears to mess up your DNA; giving birth may add the equivalent of 11 years to a woman’s biological age.

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الخميس، 22 فبراير 2018

Why does literature ignore pregnancy?

Madame Bovary, A Winter’s Tale, The Age of Innocence ... when it exists at all in fiction, childbearing generally manifests as a problem or impediment – but there is something universal to be learned from a very female experience

A few years ago, I spent a couple of weeks in the Wellcome Library, reading. At the time, I wanted both to write a novel and to have a baby and it didn’t occur to me that any connection might be found between the two. As far as the novel went, I knew that I wanted to write about subjectivity and I was interested in medical history – John Hunter, Freud, the early history of the x-ray – but I lacked a device to tie these thoughts together. It took me a surprisingly long time to come up with the idea of a pregnant narrator and when at last the possibility occurred to me, I dismissed it. To write about pregnancy – to try to articulate the desire for it, its uncomfortable realities, its disorientating aftermath – felt transgressive, although at the time I didn’t understand why.

Later, having found the baby easier to realise than the novel, I returned to the idea. In a haze of postnatal exhaustion it seemed easier to contemplate, somehow; I existed in a bubble, and lacked the mental resources to imagine far beyond its boundaries, and so I didn’t try. Instead, at odd hours of the night, I mulled over pregnancy in literature, only to find that my overwhelming impression was of something out of shot, a business of hot water and towels despatched elsewhere while in the centre of things a man paces a carpet. Think of Madame Bovary, whose labour is not only comically abrupt, but confirmed by her husband, as though she had somehow been absent herself:

She was confined on a Sunday at about six o’clock, as the sun was rising.

“It is a girl!” said Charles.

What could we possibly learn about being human from that which only happens to​ half of us?

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الثلاثاء، 20 فبراير 2018

Pregnant women will need time off – so do many people. That’s life, work with it | Rowan Davies

Women are still hit by the motherhood penalty at work, with lower wages and stalled careers. If men had equal paternity rights this would change

“Pregnancy discrimination” is a deceptive term; while most people would agree that discriminatory practices in recruitment are A Bad Thing, the pregnancy variety sounds like a discrete, time-limited phenomenon. Morally indefensible, yes; against the law, certainly; but no longer problematic once the baby has been born. So it’s worth reminding ourselves of the lifelong consequences that result from the intersection of motherhood with employment. Three-quarters of working mothers say they have experienced discrimination in the workplace. The “motherhood penalty” – the pay and seniority hit observable over a mother’s working lifetime – was described by the IFS in 2016 as "a gradual but continual rise in the wage gap … by the time the first child is aged 12, women’s hourly wages are a third below men’s.”

Related: Want men to share parental leave? Just give them equality | Duncan Fisher

Related: How great to see Jacinda Ardern being so bullish about pregnancy | Barbara Ellen

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Newborn survival rates in US only slightly better than in Sri Lanka

Unicef report says five newborn babies die every minute across the world, an ‘alarmingly high’ figure as 80% of these are preventable

The risk of dying as a newborn in the US is only slightly lower than the risk for babies in Sri Lanka and Ukraine, according to Unicef.

A report by the UN children’s agency found that five newborn babies die around the world every minute, or about 2.6 million every year. The figure is described as “alarmingly high”, particularly as 80% of these deaths are from preventable causes.

Related: 'I don't live any more': Zika takes a heavy toll on families in Brazil | Dom Phillips

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السبت، 17 فبراير 2018

Five things you probably shouldn't say to someone who has had a miscarriage

For most people, miscarriage is a loss that society is not great at talking about. Here’s advice from experts on how to change that

When I asked my mum whether she had ever experienced a miscarriage, she said no. When I asked her a second time, she said yes. I spent the next four months trying to find out how a taboo can be so strong that even a doctor wouldn’t want to share the experience with her daughter. You can listen to what I discovered in the first episode of a new Guardian audio series, Strange Bird.

Before I spoke to people about pregnancy loss, I had only the vaguest sense of the experience – a stock image of a woman looking sad. The reality is so much more complex than that. There are females who, like me, think they haven’t experienced a miscarriage but could be mistaken. There are those who knew about the miscarriage and felt a profound trauma and there are those who felt relief.

Related: Introducing Strange Bird, an audio series on the things that make us feel lonely

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الجمعة، 2 فبراير 2018

Experience: I was a surrogate at 51

At an early scan there was a bit of a shock, but a wonderful one: I was carrying twins

I had children in my teens and became a grandmother two decades ago. I’ve always thought how lucky I was to get pregnant so easily, and how heartbreaking it is for people who can’t. I liked the idea of being a surrogate, but my husband wasn’t keen. By 2012, we had divorced, and I’d taken care of my parents and older brother, who sadly passed away. I’d turned 50 and thought, if I’m going to do this, it needs to be now.

The organisation Surrogacy UK said they had never had a surrogate of my age, and that I needed to find a clinic that would work with me as a gestational surrogate. I had gone through the menopause, so the embryo would be implanted in my womb (as opposed to artificially inseminating my own eggs). I emailed 42 clinics and almost all said I was over their age limit. But one clinic, 15 miles from my home in Birmingham, said yes.

Related: Experience: I write fake news

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الخميس، 1 فبراير 2018

Ibuprofen taken in early pregnancy could affect daughter's fertility – study

Painkiller taken by mother in first three months of pregnancy could potentially reduce child’s number of eggs, say researchers

Ibuprofen taken by women in their first three months of pregnancy might reduce a daughter’s number of eggs, potentially affecting the child’s future fertility, according to research carried out on human cells in the lab.

It is generally thought that women are born with a fixed number of eggs, although controversial recent research has challenged the idea that adult ovaries are unable to produce more.

Related: What medications can I take during pregnancy?

Related: Pregnant women get sick too, so is there a case for medication?

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Doctors urge end to IVF postcode lottery to reduce multiple births

Three treatments on NHS would lessen chance of patients having higher risk twins or triplets

Senior doctors are urging the government to end the “postcode lottery” in IVF funding across the country in an attempt to lessen the impact of multiple pregnancies on mothers, babies and the NHS.

Although national guidelines suggest would-be mothers should be given three free IVF cycles paid for by the NHS, patients are increasingly only offered one or sometimes none at all.

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